Devdas - 1935

Devdas, a 1935 Indian Bengali-language film, is a classic tale of unrequited love and tormenting desire. Directed by Pramathesh Chandra Barua and depicting the timeless story of love, longing, and loss in the societal norms of 20th-century Bengal, this film has remained a beloved drama in Indian cinema. The film features stellar performances by Nirmal Bannerjee, P.C. Barua himself and Manoranjan Bhattacharya.

Based on the 1917 novel of the same name by Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay, Devdas showcases the tragic love story set in India where discrimination based on class and caste was rampant. The story revolves around the central character Devdas (P.C. Barua), a young man from a wealthy zamindar (landlord) family, who finds himself torn between societal prejudices, his undying love for his youthful sweet-heart, and his spiraling self-destruction driven by alcohol.

Devdas and Parvati 'Paro' (played by Kshiti Bhanu) share an innocent love from a tender age. Their bond, however, isn't allowed to mature into marital union due to the contrasting societal status. Paro, despite being from a respectable Brahmin family, isn't seen as an equal match for Devdas due to the wealth and social standing of the latter's family.

As the narrative unfolds, Devdas is sent away to Kolkata for education by his family, only to return as a grown man still in love with Paro. His return ignites renewed hopes for union among childhood lovers. However, when they are unable to fulfill their dreams of a life together due to caste and societal discrimination, the movie takes a turn as Devdas spirals down the path of self-destruction, seeking solace in alcohol.

P.C. Barua, as the lead actor and director, truly shines through the movie and captures the audience's hearts with his rendition of Devdas. The sincere linkage with Devdas's desolation is depicted with eloquence and vulnerability, both traits that made Barua's interpretation of Devdas an archetype for other directors and actors to follow.

The beautiful Paro is played by Jamuna Barua, whose acting impeccably represents the dramatic emotions of a young woman ridiculed by society and helpless against cruel fate. Her performance in the film uniquely captures the spirit of the original character from the novel. Manoranjan Bhattacharya plays the crucial role of the antagonist, Bhuvan Choudhury, who is instrumental in spurring many critical situations in the story.

The film is rich in cinematographic texture and dramatic emotional resonance. It paves an excellent pathway to highlight the fatal consequences of societal norms and class consciousness in Indian society. Rendered in the black-and-white palette of early cinema, the film effectively uses shadows and light to dramatic effect, enhancing the emotional depth of the scenes.

Moreover, the music of Devdas, scored by Timir Baran, carries the film forward, reflecting the tragic mood of the narrative. The background score serves to intensify the film's feelings, driving the audience more profoundly into the story.

Devdas, more than a movie, is a vivid portrayal of the societal realities of early 20th-century India. It ascends beyond entertainment, offering a sensitive critique of contemporary societal norms and customs. Barua’s multi-layered storytelling, combined with compelling performances etches a heart-rending narrative that leaves a profound impact on audiences.

Devdas (1935) is not just another tragic love story; it is a testament to failed love marked by segregation due to pre-existing societal norms. It showcases the inner turmoil and devastation of a man whose ardent love turns into his self-destruction. P.C. Barua's Devdas is a cardinal film in Indian cinema history and will continue to be cherished and relished by passionate Indian cinephiles.