Three Ages

Three Ages is an American silent comedy film released in 1923 and co-written, directed by, and starring Buster Keaton. This inventive and enduring film plays an essential part in the evolution of cinema, emerging relatively early in the lexicon of silent cinema history, yet already demonstrating a sophistication and subtlety in storytelling techniques that still resonate with audiences today.

Influenced by D. W. Griffith’s Intolerance, Three Ages adopts the innovative cinematic technique of parallel editing to present three separate narratives set in distinct epochs - the Stone Age, the Roman Age, and modern times, specifically the early 1920s. Keaton's cleverly created parody of Griffith’s epic film follows the trials and tribulations of the underdog protagonist, played by Keaton himself, as he competes with his rival (Wallace Beery) for the attention of their mutual love interest (Margaret Leahy) in each age.

In the Stone Age, Keaton dons a caveman get-up and employs prehistoric devices in an attempt to outwit competitor Beery and woo charming cave-girl Leahy. The Roman Age sees Keaton as a gallant, albeit somewhat inept, chariot driver in a city filled with grand amphitheaters and tumultuous chariot races. The 'modern' setting grounds the comedy in the streets of 1920s America, where Keaton faces the challenges of urban life, attempting to impress Leahy again, this time in a more familiar suit and bowler hat.

What makes Three Ages particularly brilliant and enduring is Keaton’s artful utilization of comedy. Built on the contrasts of the eternal human triangles of love rivalry set in three vastly different historical periods, the film offers abundant opportunities for Keaton to display his well-loved physical comedy, inventive scenarios, and daring stunts. He finds ways to make the rock, horse and car – transport from each of the three ages – play pivotal comedic roles in the wooing of his beloved. He painstakingly balances parody, farce, and slapstick while never failing to display significant respect for the form and content of cinema.

Keaton's performative versatility is striking. As the hero in each age, he perfectly adapts to the characteristics and stereotypes of each historical period, showing off an impressive range of acting skills. Wallace Beery, known for his imposing physical presence, aptly plays the intimidating rival. He carries his part convincingly across the three periods. Newcomer Margaret Leahy, who was reportedly chosen as the leading lady in a beauty contest, delivers a solid performance as the object of the two men's affection.

The cinematography of Three Ages is noteworthy as it carries a significant portion of the storytelling responsibility. Elgin Lessley and William McGann transport viewers to the distinctive eras, using their lens to create authentic sets that correspond to each time period. The Stone Age scenes are mostly set in rough, untamed landscapes, the Roman Age shows the grandeur of Roman architecture, while the 20th-century scenes bring viewers back to the bustling city streets. This pictorial perception makes the movie a stimulating feast for the eyes, beyond being a comedy classic.

The beauty of this film lies in its simplicity and universality. It tells a timeless story of love rivalry that transcends cultural and historical boundaries, making it relatable and timeless. The movie's main message stays relevant regardless of the age - that no matter the surrounding, the complications of human relationships and the trials of love remain the same.

With its innovative narrative structure, superb performances, and witty humor, Three Ages marks a significant stage in cinema history. It demonstrates Buster Keaton’s exceptional skills as a filmmaker who could take a basic concept – in this case, love rivalry – interpret it through the lens of contrasting epochs, and wrap it up all in his signature comedic style. For anyone interested in the foundations of cinematic comedy, Buster Keaton’s filmography, or silent cinema, Three Ages will be a rewarding viewing experience.