Aztec: Pyramids of War

Aztec: Pyramids of War is an engrossing historical and archaeological documentary series from 2016 that delves into the rich and tumultuous history of the ancient Aztec civilization, one of the greatest and most intriguing empires of the pre-Columbian Americas.

Through the lens of warfare, the series endeavors to bring light to an aspect of the Aztec civilization that was truly fundamental to its culture, economy, politics, and religion; namely, the constant cycle of conflict and conquest. The title of the series itself, 'Pyramids of War,' provides a perfect metaphor for the Aztec society: a tiered structure where each level, from politics to social classes to mythology, rested upon warfare and conflict.

The series takes its viewers on a journey back in time, to the 14th to the 16th centuries, when the Aztecs ruled a large part of Mesoamerica. From their humble beginnings on a small island in Lake Texcoco, this warrior culture managed to build an empire that, at its height, spanned from the Pacific Ocean to the Gulf of Mexico, encompassing hundreds of independent city-states.

Aztec: Pyramids of War unravels the intricate relationship between warfare and Aztec culture. It explains how warfare was not only a means of territorial expansion but also a central part of the Aztecs' belief system. The brutal campaigns of conquest were conducted not only to establish dominance but also to take prisoners to sacrifice to their gods. The brutal and fearsome reputation of the Aztecs' military prowess became a significant factor in the rapid expansion of their empire. Yet, as the program shows, they also exhibited a deep sophistication in art, science, and agriculture.

Encapsulating the latest archaeological findings, each episode explores a different facet of the Aztec civilization. From the establishment of their legendary capital, Tenochtitlan, with its extraordinary cityscape of man-made islands, canals, and towering pyramids, to their sophisticated systems of governance, trade, and tribute.

One of the most fascinating aspects that this documentary touches upon is the hierarchical nature of the Aztec military, focusing on how rank was gained through acts of bravery and success in battles. Soldiers could rise through the ranks based on the number of enemies they killed or captured, demonstrating a merit-based system deeply embedded in their culture.

Furthermore, the series sheds light on the symbolic and practical significance of the Aztec's weaponry and armor, as well as the role of the jaguar and eagle warrior societies, the elite military units of the empire. Aside from the battlefield, the series also paints a picture of everyday life, exploring the society's division into social classes, the temples, and markets, as well as their religious traditions, cosmology, and system of writing.

The re-creations, dramatic visuals, and the use of 3D graphics significantly add to the viewing experience, providing a vivid portrayal of the Aztec world. Interviews with historians, archaeologists, and anthropologists provide valuable insights into the civilization, while discussions with modern-day descendants of the Aztecs offer a poignant look at the contemporary relevance of this powerful civilization.

Aztec: Pyramids of War is, indeed, a captivating series for those interested not just in history but also in the understanding of how societies function and evolve. While it significantly focuses on warfare—the bloody and brutal side of the Aztec civilization, it also brings to life their sophistication, innovation, and deep spirituality.

The series is not just a timeline of events but a tale of rise and fall, success and failure, resilience, adaptation, and humanity's quest for power, control, and divine sanction. Therefore, beyond its historical narrative, the series prompts reflections on universal themes such as the human penchant for warfare, the tendency to build complex societies, the thirst for territorial expansion, and the pursuit of transcendence through religion.

Providing a multi-faceted look at an often misunderstood ancient society, Aztec: Pyramids of War offers viewers a deep dive into the complexity and richness of the Aztec civilization. It's an engaging exploration that illuminates one of history's most captivating and enigmatic imperial powers. Whether you're a history buff or an enthusiastic amateur anthropologist, this series satisfies a hunger for learning, perspective, and understanding about one of the key players in pre-Columbian history.