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The Barbarian Empires of the Steppes

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36
Legacy of the Steppes
2014-01-13
Conclude by considering why, by the 16th and 17th centuries, the nomadic peoples of the Eurasian steppes ceased to play the decisive role they had for nearly 6,000 years. Then tie together what you've learned with a review of the course and a discussion of what this legacy means to us today.

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35
Babur and Mughal India
2014-01-13
With a reign of India that endured until the arrival of the British, the Mughals are remembered as great rulers by Hindus, Sikhs, and Muslims. Here, look at the life and legacy of the man who, as a descendent of Tamerlane and Genghis Khan, would become the last great conqueror of the steppes.

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34
Tamerlane, Prince of Destruction
2014-01-13
Between 1381 and his death in 1405, Tamerlane waged seven major campaigns on his extraordinary career of conquest, defeating the Mamluk and Ottoman armies, crushing the armies of the Sultan of Delhi, and overthrowing the Golden Horde. Trace his brutality-filled path and learn why his empire was ultimately short lived.

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33
Conversion and Assimilation
2014-01-13
By Kublai Khan's death in 1294, the Mongolians ruled four ulus, or domains, each of which ultimately crumbled: Kublai Khan's homeland region, including Tibet and China; the central steppes of the Chagatai; the Ilkhans' Persia and Transoxiana; and the western forest zones of the Golden Horde. Understand how each fell away from the Mongol imperial legacy.

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32
Pax Mongolica and Cultural Exchange
2014-01-13
What were the costs and benefits of the Mongol conquests? Is it accurate to say that a pax Mongolica - a Mongol peace - was imposed in the sedentary civilizations that came under their control?

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31
Conquest of Song China
2014-01-13
At his death in 1227, Genghis Khan had achieved most of what he desired territorially. Why, then, did Kublai Khan and Möngke invade Song China?

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30
Mongol Invasion of the Islamic World
2014-01-13
Return to where the course began, with the campaigns of Hulagu. First, witness the political struggle to elect the next great khan.

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29
Western Mongol Expansion
2014-01-13
Why did Genghis Khan have his third son, Ögedei, succeed him rather than his oldest, Jochi? Find out as you embark on the Mongols' vast westward expansion.

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28
Conquests of Genghis Khan
2014-01-13
Pick up with Temujin's new status as the great khan, and follow his nomadic army's path of violent conquest - aided by skilled mapmakers and Chinese engineers - from the small kingdom of the Xi Xia to the Jin Empire to his most important campaign, the invasion of the Islamic world.

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27
The Mongols
2014-01-13
Genghis Khan's rivals saw him as the embodiment of the steppe barbarian. But who was this man who united the Mongol tribes and set his sights on world conquest?

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26
Manchurian Warlords and Song Emperors
2014-01-13
Begin your understanding of why the Mongols emerged and had such a dramatic impact on the 13th century by studying the interaction of the restored Song Empire and three nomadic groups who entered northern China in the 10th and 11th centuries when the Great Wall collapsed - the Khitans, the Jurchens, and the Xi Xia.

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25
The Sultans of Delhi
2020-06-01
In contrast to the Islamification of Asia Minor, examine Turkish conquests of northern India in the early 13th century. What were their successes and limitations in creating a Muslim civilization here?

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24
The Sultans of Rum
2014-01-13
How well did the Seljuk Turks use their victory? How did the sultans in Konya, the new center of Muslim Turkish civilization, forge a wider unity?

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23
Turks in Anatolia and India
2014-01-13
After the Seljuk Turks emerged as a major factor in eastern Islam, they conquered two regions that were not previously part of Dar al-Islam: Asia Minor and northern India near Delhi. Here, take a comparative look at these conquests, including the Turks' seesaw struggle with the crusaders.

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22
The Rise of the Seljuk Turks
2014-01-13
Elaborate on implications of the previous two lectures, including the rise of a slave trade, as you trace a series of Turkish migrations that lead to new powers on the steppes. Focus on three states: the Karakhanids, the sultans of Ghazni, and the Seljuk Turks, who represent the greatest of these new political organizations.

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21
Muslim Merchants and Mystics in Central Asia
2014-01-13
After the Battle of Talas, Islamic expansion halted for 300 years. Explore Baghdad's emergence as an intellectual and economic center of the Islamic world as well as the religion's cultural achievements during this period, particularly in architecture.

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20
The Clash between Turks and the Caliphate
2014-01-13
Examine the initial contact between Islamic civilization and the Turkish nomads in detail by looking at the wars waged between the early caliphs and Turkish tribes. Conclude with the Battle of Talas, fought between the armies of the Abbasid caliphate and the Tang emperor, which represents a turning point for the Karluk Turks and Islam.

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19
Islam and the Caliphate
2014-01-13
How did Muslim civilization emerge? Why did it burst upon the scene so dramatically? And how did it come to play such a significant role among Turkish-speaking nomads? Get background on the caliphate and its divisions, the teachings of Muhammad, and how a Muslim capital at Baghdad and associated cities spread Islam through trade connections.

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18
Pechenegs, Magyars, and Cumans
2014-01-13
The Byzantines failed with the Khazars - but did they successfully absorb or convert any other nomads to orthodox Christianity and Byzantine civilization? Find out in this final lecture on their relationship with the peoples of the Pontic-Caspian steppes by looking at the Magyars, Pechenegs, and Cumans, as well as the Viking Rus.

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17
Khazar Khagans
2014-01-13
Why did the Khazars convert to Judaism rather than orthodox Christianity? Why did the Byzantines, despite dealings with the Khazars across centuries, fail to win them over to their commonwealth?

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16
Avars, Bulgars, and Constantinople
2014-01-13
Think of the Middle Ages and you'll likely conjure images of western Europe. But at the time of the Avars, Gök Turks, and Uighurs, Constantinople represented the great urban, Christian civilization bordering the Eurasian steppes.

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15
Turkmen Khagans and Tang Emperors
2014-01-13
Delve into the interaction of the Turks and Chinese, starting with a look at China since the Han dynasty's fragmentation; then investigate the nomads who settled in China. Conclude with a discussion of unification under the Sui and Tang emperors, including their relationship with the Gök Turks and Uighurs.

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14
The Turks - Transformation of the Steppes
2014-01-13
Progress into the early Middle Ages, a period defined by the Turks. Start your exploration of this group by focusing on three major khaganates or confederations - the Avar Khaghans, the Gök Turks, and the Uighurs - which developed between the 5th and 9th centuries A.

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13
Sassanid Shahs and the Hephthalites
2014-01-13
To understand the history of the Hephthalites or "White Huns" and the Gök Turks in context, look at the Sassanid Empire - the contemporary rival to the late Roman world - from the monarchy's aspirations to the way its Neo-Persian shahs came into conflict with Rome and these nomadic peoples.

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12
Attila the Hun - Scourge of God
2014-01-13
Considered both a great leader and a merciless conqueror, Attila the Hun has captured the popular imagination for centuries. Conclude your examination of the Huns with the story of Attila, from his rise to power to his death, including the royal marriage proposal that ultimately led to the ravaging of western Europe.

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11
Rome and the Huns
2014-01-13
Turn to the Huns, who employed tactics similar to the Xiongnu and were viewed as both a major threat and militarily advantageous by the divided Roman Empire. Explore their conquests and the dual strategies eastern Rome used to manage the Hun threat - one of which faltered when Attila rose to power.

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10
Buddhism, Manichaeism, and Christianity
2014-01-13
Continue exploring the importance of the Silk Road, but progress to a discussion of religions spread and practiced along the route. Learn why Nestorian Christianity, Manichaeism, Zoroastrianism, Judaism, and above all, Buddhism, were appealing to nomadic populations, and the impact these faiths had on these people and their caravan cities.

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9
Trade across the Tarim Basin
2014-01-13
Between the 2nd century B.C. and 2nd century A.D., the Silk Road brought about a virtual global economy. Shift your focus from discussion of specific groups to an exploration of this legendary route and its trade connections, including the types of goods moved, the people involved, and why these arrangements benefited all parties.

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8
Rome and the Sarmatians
2014-01-13
Through control of key trade routes and market participation, the Sarmatians amassed great wealth, which they used to strengthen their military ability. Prized as mercenaries, their military prowess influenced Roman tactics.

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7
Kushans, Sacae, and the Silk Road
2014-01-13
Examine the Sacae and Kushans, two steppe peoples forced west into the Middle East and India by the Xiongnu confederacy. Learn the key role both groups played in developing trade along the Silk Road and how Kushan ruler Kujula Kadphises and his successors carved out an Indian empire while creating conditions for Buddhism to flourish.

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6
The Parthians
2014-01-13
Look closely at the rise to power and achievements of the nomadic steppe peoples known as the Parthians who, despite clashes with the Romans, successfully ruled Iran and the wider Middle East from horseback for 400 years, creating the first nomadic empire in the Near East.

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5
Scythians, Greeks, and Persians
2014-01-13
Move from the eastern steppes to the western and central steppes in this exploration of the Scythians, Iranian-speaking nomads with great military prowess, who established a symbiotic relationship with the Greeks based on trade. Investigate this contact, as well as attempts to conquer the Scythians by the Persians and, later, Alexander the Great.

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4
The Han Emperors and Xiongnu at War
2014-01-13
Han emperors found the tribute system granted Modu chanyu or "five baits" - by which the Xiongnu were promised Chinese brides, among other gifts - humiliating and unacceptable. Look closely at the relationship between the Han Empire of China and the nomadic confederacy of the Xiongnu, including Han attempts to eliminate the Xiongnu threat through war.

Watch The Barbarian Empires of the Steppes Season 1 Episode 4 Now

3
Early Nomads and China
2014-01-13
As you shift focus from the original homeland of the Indo-Europeans on the Pontic-Caspian steppes to Mongolia, examine how Iranian and Tocharian nomads came into contact with China, their interaction, and the repercussions this contact had across the central and western steppes, and the great bordering civilizations.

Watch The Barbarian Empires of the Steppes Season 1 Episode 3 Now

2
The Rise of the Steppe Nomads
2014-01-13
Learn about the earliest known nomads of the Pontic-Caspian steppes, beginning with the origins of the Indo-European languages. See how innovations including the raising of livestock, the domestication of the horse, and the invention of the spoked wheel - and ultimately, the light chariot - transformed steppe life and led to migrations across Eurasia.

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1
Steppes and Peoples
2014-01-13
The Mongol sack on Baghdad in 1258 is often seen as the epitome of the clash between barbarian peoples of the steppes and the peoples of the civilized world. Explore this notion and hear a detailed account of the destruction, then conclude with an overview of life on the steppes and the organization of this course.

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The Barbarian Empires of the Steppes from The Great Courses Signature Collection is an in-depth and captivating look into the influential and oft-neglected historical societies that thrived amongst the vast open plains of Central Asia. The series chronicles the legacies of the various peoples and empires that emerged from the Steppes, how they interacted with each other, and the far-reaching impact they had on the world at large.

This historical docu-series goes back in the time to examine the formidable empires and nomadic cultures that thrived in the geographical area that spans from modern Mongolia to Eastern Europe. It is a comprehensive journey into the narratives of tribes like the Scythians, the Huns, the Mongols, and the Turks, to name a few. The show provides unprecedented insights into their cultures, their unique way of life adapted to the harsh geographical conditions, their military strategies, social structures, arts, religion, and more.

Hosted and narrated by Professor Kenneth W. Harl, Ph.D., from Tulane University, the series spans over 36 riveting lectures, each delving into a specific aspect or period of the nomadic cultures. Professor Harl, with his unmistakable gift as a historian and a storyteller, brings each lecture alive as he delves into the intricate details and fascinating accounts of the nomadic tribes.

What sets The Barbarian Empires of the Steppes apart is its objective to dismantle the simple labels by which these ancient cultures are often classified. They have often been depicted as 'barbarians,' their societies seen as less advanced than their so-called civilized neighbors. This series tries to alter this perspective by revealing their unique achievements in areas such as governance, inter-cultural diplomacy, and warfare. Through the lens of this series, those empires emerge as dynamic, complex societies that transformed the world in many large ways than hitherto understood.

One salient point of the series is its exploration of the nomadic tribes' military strategies. Often outshining the well-established empires with their mobility and adaptability, these nomads innovatively used the resources around them to wage successful campaigns against their adversaries. Their mastery in horse-riding and archery, swiftly adaptable to the vast unforgiving plains, has made them formidable opponents and ultimately conquerors. These tribes' military genius has intrigued and perplexed historians for centuries, and this series delves deep into the heart of this issue.

Furthermore, the series does not neglect the fascinating cultural montage that these societies represented. It provides a glimpse into the nomads' everyday life—a life intertwined with nature, their horses, and the daunting, expansive Steppe. It explores their arts, their spiritual and celestial beliefs, and the intricate social structures that held these societies together. Designated roles, familial bonds, and unwritten social codes—these are some of the captivating aspects of these ancient societies that the show touches upon.

In another impressive feature of the series, it ventures into the broader cultural and historical landscape of the time — how these tribes interacted with other societies, the alliances and wars they formed and fought, and how their influence permeated far beyond the Steppes' boundary. The well-known Silk Route, connecting Europe, Asia, and Africa, was a significant conduit through which these tribes could exercise their influence—they were often the arbiters, the middlemen between other civilizations.

The Barbarian Empires of the Steppes gives history buffs a fascinating account of the enthralling events, people, and cultures. The series is just as much a historical journey as it is a gateway into the rich world of the tribes and empires that once roamed the Steppes. The vibrantly detailed lectures by Professor Harl, both in terms of content and storytelling, make the series a must-watch for anyone captivated by ancient history, cultural studies, or the human story at large.

Engaging, educational, and enlightening, The Barbarian Empires of the Steppes brings a new understanding of the 'barbarian' empires and provides a nuanced perspective on vital, influential cultures that vastly contributed to shaping the history of the world.

The Barbarian Empires of the Steppes is a series categorized as a new series. Spanning 1 seasons with a total of 36 episodes, the show debuted on 2014. The series has earned a no reviews from both critics and viewers. The IMDb score stands at undefined.

How to Watch The Barbarian Empires of the Steppes

How can I watch The Barbarian Empires of the Steppes online? The Barbarian Empires of the Steppes is available on The Great Courses Signature Collection with seasons and full episodes. You can also watch The Barbarian Empires of the Steppes on demand at Amazon Prime, Apple TV Channels, Amazon online.

Genres
Channel
The Great Courses Signature Collection
Cast
Kenneth W. Harl